Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) advice for the public

Regularly and thoroughly clean your hands with an alcohol-based hand rub or wash them with soap and water.

Why? Washing your hands with soap and water or using alcohol-based hand rub kills viruses that may be on your hands.

Maintain social distancing

Maintain at least 1 metre (3 feet) distance between yourself and anyone who is coughing or sneezing.

Why? When someone coughs or sneezes they spray small liquid droplets from their nose or mouth which may contain virus. If you are too close, you can breathe in the droplets, including the COVID-19 virus if the person coughing has the disease.

Avoid touching eyes, nose and mouth

Why? Hands touch many surfaces and can pick up viruses. Once contaminated, hands can transfer the virus to your eyes, nose or mouth. From there, the virus can enter your body and can make you sick.

Practice respiratory hygiene

Make sure you, and the people around you, follow good respiratory hygiene. This means covering your mouth and nose with your bent elbow or tissue when you cough or sneeze. Then dispose of the used tissue immediately.

Why? Droplets spread virus. By following good respiratory hygiene you protect the people around you from viruses such as cold, flu and COVID-19.

If you have fever, cough and difficulty breathing, seek medical care early

Stay home if you feel unwell. If you have a fever, cough and difficulty breathing, seek medical attention and call in advance. Follow the directions of your local health authority.

Why? National and local authorities will have the most up to date information on the situation in your area. Calling in advance will allow your health care provider to quickly direct you to the right health facility. This will also protect you and help prevent spread of viruses and other infections.

Stay informed and follow advice given by your healthcare provider

Stay informed on the latest developments about COVID-19. Follow advice given by your healthcare provider, your national and local public health authority or your employer on how to protect yourself and others from COVID-19.

Why? National and local authorities will have the most up to date information on whether COVID-19 is spreading in your area. They are best placed to advise on what people in your area should be doing to protect themselves.

Protection measures for persons who are in or have recently visited (past 14 days) areas where COVID-19 is spreading

• Follow the guidance outlined above.

• Stay at home if you begin to feel unwell, even with mild symptoms such as headache and slight runny nose, until you recover. Why? Avoiding contact with others and visits to medical facilities will allow these facilities to operate more effectively and help protect you and others from possible COVID-19 and other viruses.

• If you develop fever, cough and difficulty breathing, seek medical advice promptly as this may be due to a respiratory infection or other serious condition. Call in advance and tell your provider of any recent travel or contact with travelers. Why? Calling in advance will allow your health care provider to quickly direct you to the right health facility. This will also help to prevent possible spread of COVID-19 and other viruses.

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Social distancing for coronavirus (COVID-19)

Everyone must practise social distancing to slow the spread of COVID-19.

Keep your distance

One way to slow the spread of viruses is social distancing (also called physical distancing).

The more space between you and others, the harder it is for the virus to spread.

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In public

Social distancing in public means people:

• stay at home unless is absolutely necessary
• keep 1.5 metres away from others
• avoid physical greetings such as handshaking, hugs and kisses
• use tap and pay instead of cash
• travel at quiet times and avoid crowds
• avoid public gatherings and at risk groups
• practise good higiene

Households

Steps for social distancing in all homes include:

• stay at home unless going out is absolutely necessary
• keep visitors to a minimum
• reduce visits to the shops — instead, buy more goods and services online if you can for pick-up, pre-order or delivery
• carefully consider what travel and outings are necessary, both individual and family
• regularly disinfect surfaces that are touched a lot, such as tables, kitchen benches and doorknobs
• increase ventilation in the home by opening windows or adjust air conditioning

If someone in your household is sick, you should:

• care for the sick person in a single room, if possible
• keep the number of carers to a minimum
• keep the door to the sick person’s room closed. If possible, keep a window open
• wear a surgical mask when you are in the same room as the sick person. The sick person should also wear a mask
• protect other vulnerable family members by keeping them away from the sick person. At-risk people include those over 65 years or people with a chronic illness. If possible, find them somewhere else to live while the family member is sick.

At work

If you can, work from home. If you cannot work from home and you are sick, you must not attend your workplace. You must stay at home and away from others.

Steps for social distancing in the workplace include:

• stop shaking hands to greet others
• hold meetings via video conferencing or phone call
• put off large meetings to a later date
• hold essential meetings outside in the open air if possible
• promote good hand, sneeze and cough hygiene
• provide alcohol based hand rub for all staff and workers
• eat lunch at your desk or outside rather than in the lunch room
• regularly clean and disinfect surfaces that many people touch
• open windows or adjust air conditioning for more ventilation
• limit food handling and sharing of food in the workplace
• avoid non-essential travel
• promote strict hygiene among food preparation (canteen) staff and their close contacts
• consider if you can reschedule, stagger or cancel non-essential meetings

In schools

If your child is sick, they must not go to school or childcare. You must keep them at home and away from others.

To reduce the spread of viruses or germs in schools:

• wash hands with soap and water or use hand sanitiser when entering school and at regular intervals
• stop activities that lead to mixing between classes and years
• avoid queuing
• cancel school assemblies
• have a regular handwashing schedule
• regularly clean and disinfect surfaces that many people touch
• conduct lessons outdoors where possible
• consider opening windows and adjusting conditioning for more ventilation
• promote strictest hygiene among food preparation (canteen) staff and their close contacts

Keep in touch with others

You can still keep in touch with loved ones while you practise social distancing:

• use video chats
• schedule phone calls to chat with others you would normally see
• use online groups to interact
• chat with neighbours while keeping 1.5 metres apart

PARACETAMOL

PARACETAMOL 500mg TABLETS

Read all of this leaflet carefully before you start taking this medicine because it contains important information for you.

• Keep this leaflet. You may need to read it again
• If you have any further questions, ask your doctor or pharmacist
• Do not pass this medicine on to others. It may harm them, even if their signs of illness are the same as yours
• If you get any side effects, talk to your doctor or pharmacist. This includes any possible side effects not listed in this leaflet.

What is in this leaflet:

1. What paracetamol is and what it is used for
2. What you need to know before you take paracetamol
3. How to take paracetamol
4. Possible side effects
5. How to store paracetamol
6. Contents of the pack and other information

1. WHAT PARACETAMOL IS AND WHAT IT IS USED FOR

The name of your medicine is Paracetamol 500mg Tablets (called paracetamol throughout this leaflet).

This medicine contains paracetamol. It belongs to a group of medicines called analgesics (painkillers) and is used to treat pain (including headache, toothache, back and period pain) and cold or flu symptoms.

2. WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW BEFORE YOU TAKE PARACETAMOL

Do not take paracetamol and tell your doctor if:

• You are allergic to the active substance or any of the other ingredients in your medicine (listed in Section 6).
  Signs of an allergic reaction include a rash and breathing problems. There can also be swelling of the legs, arms, face, throat or tongue

Children

Paracetamol 500mg Tablets must not be given to children under 10 years of age.

Do not take paracetamol if any of the above apply to you. If you are not sure, talk to your doctor or pharmacist before taking paracetamol.

Warnings and precautions

Take special care and check with your doctor before taking paracetamol if:

• You have severe kidney or liver problems
• You have a liver problem caused by alcohol

If you are not sure if any of the above apply to you, talk to your doctor or pharmacist before taking this medicine.

Other medicines and paracetamol

Please tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are taking or have recently taken any other medicines. This includes medicines obtained without a prescription, including herbal medicines. This is because paracetamol can affect the way some other medicines work. Also, some other medicines can affect the way paracetamol works.

While taking paracetamol you should not take any other medicines which contain paracetamol.

This includes some painkillers, cough and cold remedies. It also includes a wide range of other medicines available from your doctor and more widely in shops.

Tell your doctor if you are taking any of the following medicines:

• Medicines used to thin the blood such as warfarin
• Metoclopramide or domperidone - used to stop you feeling sick (nausea) or being sick (vomiting)
• Colestyramine - for lowering blood cholesterol levels

If you are not sure if any of the above apply to you, talk to your doctor or pharmacist before taking paracetamol.

Taking paracetamol with alcohol

You should not drink whilst taking these tablets. Taking alcohol with paracetamol can increase your chances of getting side effects.

Pregnancy and breast-feeding

Talk to your doctor before taking these tablets if:

• You are pregnant, think you may be pregnant or plan to get pregnant.
• You are breast-feeding or planning to breast-feed

Paracetamol can be used during pregnancy. You should use the lowest possible dose that reduces your pain and/or your fever and use it for the shortest time possible. Contact your doctor or midwife if the pain and/or fever are not reduced or if you need to take the medicine more often.

3. HOW TO TAKE PARACETAMOL

Always take paracetamol exactly as instructed on this leaflet. Check with your doctor or pharmacist if you are not sure.

• Do not take more than the recommended dose
• If you need to use this medicine for more than three days at a time, see your doctor

Adults and children over 16

• The usual dose of paracetamol is 2 tablets
• Swallow the tablets whole with a drink of water
• Wait at least 4 hours before taking another dose
• Do not take more than 4 doses in any 24-hour period

Use in children aged 10 to 15

Take one tablet every four to six hours when necessary to a maximum of four doses in 24 hours.

Use in children under 10

Paracetamol 500mg Tablets should not be given to children under 10 years of age.

If you take more paracetamol than you should:

• Talk to a doctor at once if you take too much of this medicine even if you feel well. This is because too much paracetamol can cause delayed, serious liver damage.
• Remember to take any remaining tablets and the pack with you. This is so the doctor knows what you have taken.

If you forget to take paracetamol

If you forget to take a dose at the right time, take it as soon as you remember. However, do not take a double dose to make up for a forgotten dose. Remember to leave at least 4 hours between doses.

4. POSSIBLE SIDE EFFECTS

Like all medicines, this medicine can cause side effects, although not everybody gets them.

The following side effects may happen with this medicine:

Stop taking paracetamol and see a doctor or go to a hospital straight away if:

• You get swelling of the hands, feet, ankles, face, lips or throat which may cause difficulty in swallowing or breathing. You could also notice an itchy, lumpy rash (hives) or nettle rash (urticaria).
  This may mean you are having an allergic reaction to paracetamol.
• You get serious skin reactions. Very rare cases have been reported.

Tell your doctor or pharmacist if any of the following side effects gets serious or lasts longer than a few days:

• You get infections or bruise more easily than usual. This could be because of a blood problem (such as agranulocytosis, neutropenia or thrombocytopenia). This side effect has only happened in a few people taking paracetamol.

Reporting of side effects

If you get any side effects, talk to your doctor or pharmacist. This includes any possible side effects not listed in this leaflet. You can also report side effects directly via the Yellow Card Scheme at: www.mhra.gov.uk/yellowcard or search for MHRA Yellow Card in the Google Play or Apple App Store.

By reporting side effects, you can help provide more information on the safety of this medicine.

5. HOW TO STORE PARACETAMOL

• Keep this medicine out of the sight and reach of children.
• Do not use this medicine after the expiry date shown on the pack. The expiry date refers to the last day of that month.
• Store your medicine in the original packaging in order to protect from moisture.
• Do not throw away any medicines via wastewater or household waste. Ask your pharmacist how to throw away medicines you no longer use. These measures will help protect the environment.

6. CONTENTS OF THE PACK AND OTHER INFORMATION

What Paracetamol 500mg Tablets contain

• The active substance is paracetamol. Each tablet contains 500mg of paracetamol.
• The other ingredients are, maize starch, potassium sorbate, purified talc, stearic acid, povidone, and soluble starch.

COVID-19

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus.

Most people infected with the COVID-19 virus will experience mild to moderate respiratory illness and recover without requiring special treatment.  Older people, and those with underlying medical problems like cardiovascular disease, diabetes, chronic respiratory disease, and cancer are more likely to develop serious illness.

The best way to prevent and slow down transmission is be well informed about the COVID-19 virus, the disease it causes and how it spreads. Protect yourself and others from infection by washing your hands or using an alcohol based rub frequently and not touching your face. 

The COVID-19 virus spreads primarily through droplets of saliva or discharge from the nose when an infected person coughs or sneezes, so it’s important that you also practice respiratory etiquette (for example, by coughing into a flexed elbow).

At this time, there are no specific vaccines or treatments for COVID-19. However, there are many ongoing clinical trials evaluating potential treatments. WHO will continue to provide updated information as soon as clinical findings become available.

Tugas Pembelajaran Online Biologi SMAK Hikmah Mandala Banyuwangi

Buatlah Sebuah Artikel yang mengupas Tuntas mengenai COVID 19!. Meliputi:

1. Cara mengatasinya? Bagaimana bisa Menjadi wabah yang menakutkan.?
2. Apa itu Lockdown,? Bagaimana negara maju seperti Italia menjadi salah satu negara dengan jumlah penderita yang banyak? Apa benar karena masyarakat sulit di atur?
3. Apa itu COVID-19?
4. Apa saja gejala COVID-19?
5. Bagaimana cara COVID-19 menyebar?
6. Apa yang dapat saya lakukan untuk melindungi diri saya dan mencegah penyebaran penyakit ini?
7. Seberapa besar kemungkinan saya tertular COVID-19?
8. Apakah saya harus khawatir tentang COVID-19?
9. Siapa yang berisiko menderita penyakit serius?
10. Apakah antibiotik efektif mencegah dan menangani COVID-19?
11. Apakah ada obat atau perawatan yang dapat mencegah atau menyembuhkan COVID-19?
12. Apakah ada vaksin, obat atau perawatan untuk COVID-19?
13. Apakah COVID sama dengan SARS?
14. Perlukan saya mengenakan masker untuk melindungi diri saya?
15. Cara mengenakan, menggunakan, melepas dan membuang masker
16. Berapa lama masa inkubasi COVID-19?
17. Apakah manusia dapat terinfeksi COVID-19 dari hewan?
18. Apakah 2019-nCoV dapat menyebar dari orang yang tidak menunjukkan gejala?
19. Berapa lama virus ini bertahan di atas permukaan?
20. Apakah paket dari tempat di mana COVID-19 telah dilaporkan terjadi aman untuk diterima?
21. Apakah ada hal yang tidak boleh saya lakukan?
22. Bagaimana cara membuat Handsanitizer sendiri? Yang aman digunakan.

✍️Kirim Alamat Artikel Yang kalian Buat di Kolom Komentar. Jangan lupa sertakan Nama Lengkap dan Kelas.

✍️Semoga bermanfaat bagi para pembaca yang lain.

✍️ Semoga sehat selalu.

Guru Pembimbing : Kukuh Wicaksono, S. Pd

VIRUS CORONA PART 2. Hand Sanitizer Tidak PENTING!??

Mari Kita Pahami Penjelasan Berikut..👉

VIRUS CORONA PART 1

Virus Corona atau severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) adalah virus yang menyerang sistem pernapasan. Penyakit karena infeksi virus ini disebut COVID-19. Virus Corona bisa menyebabkan gangguan pada sistem pernapasan, pneumonia akut, sampai kematian. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) yang lebih dikenal dengan nama virus Corona adalah jenis baru dari coronavirus yang menular ke manusia. Virus ini bisa menyerang siapa saja, baik bayi, anak-anak, orang dewasa, lansia, ibu hamil, maupun ibu menyusui. Infeksi virus ini disebut COVID-19 dan pertama kali ditemukan di kota Wuhan, Cina, pada akhir Desember 2019. Virus ini menular dengan cepat dan telah menyebar ke wilayah lain di Cina dan ke beberapa negara, termasuk Indonesia. Coronavirus adalah kumpulan virus yang bisa menginfeksi sistem pernapasan. Pada banyak kasus, virus ini hanya menyebabkan infeksi pernapasan ringan, seperti flu. Namun, virus ini juga bisa menyebabkan infeksi pernapasan berat, seperti infeksi paru-paru (pneumonia), Middle-East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), dan Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). Gejala Virus Corona Infeksi virus Corona atau COVID-19 bisa menyebabkan penderitanya mengalami gejala flu, seperti demam, pilek, batuk, sakit tenggorokan, dan sakit kepala; atau gejala penyakit infeksi pernapasan berat, seperti demam tinggi, batuk berdahak bahkan berdarah, sesak napas, dan nyeri dada. Namun, secara umum ada 3 gejala umum yang bisa menandakan seseorang terinfeksi virus Corona, yaitu: Demam (suhu tubuh di atas 38 derajat Celcius) Batuk Sesak napas Menurut penelitian, gejala COVID-19 muncul dalam waktu 2 hari sampai 2 minggu setelah terpapar virus Corona. Kapan harus ke dokter Segera ke dokter bila Anda mengalami gejala infeksi virus Corona (COVID-19) seperti yang disebutkan di atas, terutama jika gejala muncul 2 minggu setelah kembali dari daerah yang memiliki kasus COVID-19 atau berinteraksi dengan penderita infeksi virus Corona. Bila Anda mungkin terpapar virus Corona namun tidak mengalami gejala apa pun, Anda tidak perlu pergi ke rumah sakit untuk memeriksakan diri, cukup tinggal di rumah selama 14 hari dan membatasi kontak dengan orang lain. Penyebab Virus Corona Infeksi virus Corona atau COVID-19 disebabkan oleh coronavirus, yaitu kelompok virus yang menginfeksi sistem pernapasan. Pada sebagian besar kasus, coronavirus hanya menyebabkan infeksi pernapasan ringan sampai sedang, seperti flu. Akan tetapi, virus ini juga bisa menyebabkan infeksi pernapasan berat, seperti pneumonia, Middle-East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), dan Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). Ada dugaan bahwa virus Corona awalnya ditularkan dari hewan ke manusia. Namun, kemudian diketahui bahwa virus Corona juga menular dari manusia ke manusia. Seseorang dapat tertular COVID-19 melalui berbagai cara, yaitu: Tidak sengaja menghirup percikan ludah dari bersin atau batuk penderita COVID-19 Memegang mulut atau hidung tanpa mencuci tangan terlebih dulu setelah menyentuh benda yang terkena cipratan air liur penderita COVID-19 Kontak jarak dekat dengan penderita COVID-19, misalnya bersentuhan atau berjabat tangan Virus Corona dapat menginfeksi siapa saja, tetapi efeknya akan lebih berbahaya atau bahkan fatal bila terjadi pada orang lanjut usia, ibu hamil, orang yang sedang sakit, atau orang yang daya tahan tubuhnya lemah. Diagnosis Virus Corona Untuk menentukan apakah pasien terinfeksi virus Corona, dokter akan menanyakan gejala yang dialami pasien. Dokter juga akan bertanya apakah pasien bepergian atau tinggal di daerah yang memiliki kasus infeksi virus Corona sebelum gejala muncul. Guna memastikan diagnosis COVID-19, dokter akan melakukan pemeriksaan lanjutan berikut: Uji sampel darah Tes usap tenggorokan untuk meneliti sampel dahak (tes PCR) Rontgen dada untuk mendeteksi infiltrat atau cairan di paru-paru Pengobatan Virus Corona Infeksi virus Corona atau COVID-19 belum bisa diobati, tetapi ada beberapa langkah yang dapat dilakukan dokter untuk meredakan gejalanya dan mencegah penyebaran virus, yaitu: Merujuk penderita COVID-19 untuk menjalani perawatan dan karatina di rumah sakit yang ditunjuk Memberikan obat pereda demam dan nyeri yang aman dan sesuai kondisi penderita Menganjurkan penderita COVID-19 untuk istirahat yang cukup Menganjurkan penderita COVID-19 untuk banyak minum air putih untuk menjaga kadar cairan tubuh Komplikasi Virus Corona Pada kasus yang parah, infeksi virus Corona bisa menyebabkan beberapa komplikasi serius berikut ini: Pneumonia Infeksi sekunder pada organ lain Gagal ginjal Acute cardiac injury Acute respiratory distress syndrome Kematian Pencegahan Virus Corona Sampai saat ini, belum ada vaksin untuk mencegah infeksi virus Corona atau COVID-19. Oleh sebab itu, cara pencegahan yang terbaik adalah dengan menghindari faktor-faktor yang bisa menyebabkan Anda terinfeksi virus ini, yaitu: Hindari bepergian ke tempat-tempat umum yang ramai pengunjung (social distancing). Gunakan masker saat beraktivitas di tempat umum atau keramaian. Rutin mencuci tangan dengan air dan sabun atau hand sanitizer yang mengandung alkohol minimal 60% setelah beraktivitas di luar rumah atau di tempat umum. Jangan menyentuh mata, mulut, dan hidung sebelum mencuci tangan. Hindari kontak dengan hewan, terutama hewan liar. Bila terjadi kontak dengan hewan, cuci tangan setelahnya. Masak daging sampai benar-benar matang sebelum dikonsumsi. Tutup mulut dan hidung dengan tisu saat batuk atau bersin, kemudian buang tisu ke tempat sampah. Hindari berdekatan dengan orang yang sedang sakit demam, batuk, atau pilek. Jaga kebersihan benda yang sering disentuh dan kebersihan lingkungan. Untuk orang yang diduga terkena COVID-19 atau termasuk kategori ODP (orang dalam pemantauan), ada beberapa langkah yang bisa dilakukan agar virus Corona tidak menular ke orang lain, yaitu: Jangan keluar rumah, kecuali untuk mendapatkan pengobatan. Periksakan diri ke dokter hanya bila Anda mengalami gejala gangguan pernapasan yang disertai demam atau memenuhi kriteria PDP (pasien dalam pengawasan). Usahakan untuk tinggal terpisah dari orang lain untuk sementara waktu. Bila tidak memungkinkan, gunakan kamar tidur dan kamar mandi yang berbeda dengan yang digunakan orang lain. Larang dan cegah orang lain untuk mengunjungi atau menjenguk Anda sampai Anda benar-benar sembuh. Sebisa mungkin jangan melakukan pertemuan dengan orang yang sedang sedang sakit. Hindari berbagi penggunaan alat makan dan minum, alat mandi, serta perlengkapan tidur dengan orang lain. Pakai masker dan sarung tangan bila sedang berada di tempat umum atau sedang bersama orang lain. Gunakan tisu untuk menutup mulut dan hidung bila batuk atau bersin, lalu segera buang tisu ke tempat sampah.